Symmetric encryption uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt a message. Drawback of symmetric encryption is "key distribution problem" - means, key could be stolen during transmission by a cyber criminal intercepting the connection.

Topic: 2.3 Symmetric and asymmetric encryption

The BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is often referred to as a firmware. Firmware is defined as a program that provides low level control for devices including embedded systems.

Topic: 4.1 Types of software and interrupts

Assembler translates a program written in an assembly language or low-level language into machine code.

Topic: 4.2 Types of programming language, translators and IDEs

Binary is a base 2 number system, it has only 0 and 1 numbers.

Denary is a base 10 number system, it has numbers from 0 to 9.

Hexadecimal is a base 16 number system, it has numbers from 0 to F. 

Topic: 1.1 Numbers systems.

An automated system is a combination of software and hardware (for example, sensors, microprocessor and actuators) that is designed and programmed to work automatically without the need of any human intervention.

Topic: 6.1 Automated systems